Doctor MJ

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) was discovered in a monkey colony in 1958 and the first case of monkeypox infects humans in 1970 in the Republic of the Congo. Monkeypox virus belongs to the family p oxviridae , genus o rthopoxvirus. Until now, sporadic cases of monkeypox have occurred in 10 countries in Africa. Monkeypox is a rare disease that can heal itself. Transmission of monkeypox through direct contact with the virus from animals, humans or objects contaminated with the virus. Viruses enter the body through : Respiratory tract. Contact with blood. Skin lesions. Mucous membrane. Eating the meat of animals infected with the virus. Monkeypox virus reservoirs other than monkeys, including : Rat. Squirrel. Other types of rodents. Animal-to-human transmission occurs through : Bites or scratches. Consumption of African wild animal meat. Direct or indirect contact with body fluids or lesions. Human-to-human transmission occurs via : Respiratory droplets. Direct or indirect contact with body fluid...

Gonorrhea infection is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacteria neisseria gonorrhoeae. In addition to having sex, gonorrhea infection can also be transmitted through mouth-to-mouth kissing. Kissing is one of the major risks of gonorrhea transmission, especially for couples who often have oral sex. Gonorrhea infection in the mouth, especially the oropharynx does not show symptoms, but can be contagious. Kissing can transmit Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria through saliva (saliva). Each person produces saliva with a different volume. The average saliva produced is 0.3-0.4 ml/min without being stimulated. When chewing food, saliva will be produced 4-5 ml / minute. To prevent transmission of gonorrhea infection, avoid oral sex. Make sure your partner is in good health and clean their vital organs. To prevent transmission of gonorrhea through kissing, keep your teeth and mouth healthy. Regularly brush your teeth and rinse your mouth with an antiseptic solution.

Antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics. Occurs due to changes in the nature of bacteria so that they can no longer be killed. The process of healing the disease becomes difficult, takes a long time and the disease is more easily spread. Gonorrhea infection is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacteria neisseria gonorrhoeae . Antibiotic resistance in n eisseria gonorrhoeae has been around for 80 years. Gonorrhea is one of the pathogens that is threatened with antibiotic resistance. Epidemiology. Gonorrhea infection is curable, but its prevalence continues to increase. Gonorrhea infection is caused by : Don't use condoms. Increased urbanization. Lack of education. Failed therapy in infected persons. Gonorrhea infection can cause localized outbreaks and spread rapidly. WHO no longer recommends the use of these antibiotics as a treatment for gonorrhea infections : Penicillin. Tetracycline. Ciprofloxacin. Azithromycin. Extende...

Testicular Torsion is a condition where the spermatic cord (cord) that carries blood to the testicle is twisted. This condition causes the blood flow to the testicles to be disrupted, so there is a risk of testicular tissue dying. The twisting of the spermatic cord causes : Occlusion and strangulation of venous or arterial vasculature to the testis and epididymis. Causes infarction. Testicular Torsion is an emergency that requires surgery to avoid testicular damage. If this condition is not treated within 4-6 hours after the onset of pain, it can lead to infarction of the testes, followed by testicular atrophy. Epidemiology. Testicular Torsion can occur at any age between 10-30 years. The left testicle is more frequently torsion than the right testicle, because normally the left spermatic cord is longer. Etiology. Testicular Torsion occurs when the testicles can move very freely. Long mesorchium. The testes are in a horizontal position. The epididymis is located at one of the poles of...

Fixed drug eruption (FDE) is an allergic skin reaction or mucocutaneous area due to the use of certain drugs. Characterized by the emergence of repeated lesions in the same location. Drugs are generally harmless if used according to the dosage and indications. A drug allergy occurs when there is an abnormal response of the immune system to a substance. General symptoms of drug allergy : Red patches on the skin. Itchy. Swollen. Dizzy. Out of breath. Anaphylaxis. Disease equation : Fixtum exanthema. Fixed exanthem. Etiopathogenesis. Drugs that often cause Fixed drug eruption (FDE) : Oral contraceptives. Barbiturates. Phenolphthalein. Phenacetin. Salicylates. Naproxen. Nystatin. Minocycline. Sulfonamides. Tetracycline. Metronidazole. Curtain. Sulindac. Tolmetin. Malate. Bleomycin. Busulfan. Zidovudine. Chlorpromazine. Hydantoin. Cyclophosphamide. Clofacimine. Antimalarial. Procarbacin. Doxorubicin. Skin reactions to drugs can occur through immunologic or non-immunological mechanisms. Dru...

Pituitary adenomas is tumors of the central nervous system that attack the pituitary gland. This type of tumor often occurs and attacks adults aged 30-40 years. Pituitary adenomas are benign neoplasms in 10%-15% of intracranial masses. The pituitary gland consists of an anterior and a posterior part. Pituitary adenomas originate from one of the anterior cell types. Symptoms depend on which anterior pituitary cells are affected.  Types of anterior pituitary cells : Corticotrope. Thyrotrope. Gonadotropes. Somatotrope. Lactotrope. Pituitary adenomas is generally slow growing and rarely develop into malignant tumors. Genetic mutations are one of the causes of this disease, including : Germline mutation. Somatic mutation. Mosaic mutation. Pituitary adenomas depend on which cells are affected. Corticotrope cell type ️➡️ Secretion of hormones : Adrenocorticotropic hormone Clinical syndrome : Cushing Symptom : Unstable mood Weak proximal muscles Changes in facial characteristics Gaining ...

Glioblastoma Multiforme is a malignant brain cancer originating from astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Glioblastoma Multiforme cases most often occur in adults 40-70 years. The cause of Glioblastoma Multiforme is not yet known, but it is thought to have something to do with radiation exposure. Primary Glioblastoma ➡️ Other name : IDH-WILDTYPE Average age : 62 years Disease course : Fast Location : Supratentorial Necrosis : Extensive Surgery + Radiotherapi : 9.9 months Surgery + Radiotherapy + Chemotherapy : 15 months Etiopathogenesis : Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor overexpression/amplification.  Loss of heterozygosity of Ch. 10q.  Phospataste and Tensine Homologous Deletions in Ch. 10.  P16 deletion.  Secondary Glioblastoma ️➡️ Other name : IDH-MUTANT Average age : 44 years old Disease course : Slow Location : Frontal Necrosis : Limited Surgery + Radiotherapy : 24 months Surgery + Radiotherapy + Chemotherapy : 31 months Etiopathogenesis : Platelet-driven Growth...