Skip to main content

How narcotics affects the brain

Image
Oleh

Drug abuse is a global problem and includes organized crime. Narcotics are substances that when used can relieve pain, decrease or change consciousness and can cause dependence.

Narcotics classification.
Narcotics class I ️ may not be used for health services. It should only be used for the development of science, technology, and research reagents.

Narcotics class I ➡️ has a very high potential for addiction. Example: cannabis plants, heroin, methamphetamine.
Narcotics class II ️➡️ can be used as a final treatment option and has a high potential for dependence. Example: morphine.
Narcotics class III ️➡️ for treatment and has a mild potential for dependence. Example: codeine.

Narcotic effects on the central nervous system.
Depressants ️➡️ reduce the activity of the central nervous system, heart rate and respiratory rate. Examples: alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, Gamma-Hydroxy Butyrate (GHB).
Stimulants ️➡️ increase the activity of the central nervous system, heart rate, respiration and the sensation of euphoria. Examples: cocaine, amphetamines and methamphetamine.
Opioids ️➡️ depress the central nervous system, reduce pain and tend to induce sleep. Example: opium, heroin, morphine, tramadol.
Hallucinogens ️➡️ cause hallucinations, change mood and thinking. Example: LSD, peyote mescaline, ecstasy, magic mushroom.
New psychoactive substances ️➡️ New psychoactive substances are drugs that are made to resemble illegal substances such as cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy and LSD. Manufacturers of these drugs deliberately develop new chemical compounds that are not in the legal regulations so that they are free from legal sanctions. Has a stronger effect than narcotics. Examples: ketamine, synthetic cannabinoids, dimethyltriptane.

How narcotics affect the brain.
The main organ that narcotics will look for is the brain. Narcotics can penetrate the brain's barrier system.



The brain barrier system is an effective barrier system that protects the brain from the entry of drugs that can damage the brain.

Narcotics will change the structure and function of the brain. The human brain has thousands of nerve cells called neurons.

How narcotics can be addictive.
The neurotransmitter associated with narcotics is dopamine. Dopamine plays a role in feelings of pleasure and happiness. Dopamine is produced when a person feels happy.

What about narcotics?
When narcotics enter the brain, dopamine production will occur many times, so narcotics addicts feel happy, happy and more confident. The resulting effects make narcotics addicts continue to use narcotics.

Examples of cocaine abuse :
  • After cocaine enters the brain, cocaine will directly bind to the dopamine transporter, so that the dopamine in the synaptic cleft cannot be re-captured by the dopamine transporter. As a result, dopamine will stimulate nearby neurons. This condition occurs repeatedly as long as a person is under the influence of cocaine.
  • The brain also has an area that functions to record all pleasant things, so that the feeling of happiness experienced by narcotics addicts will be recorded by the brain. When narcotics addicts are in an unpleasant condition, narcotics addicts will remember about the pleasure that arises after using narcotics. Then he will find and use narcotics again.
Exposure narcotics on the brain continuously will make the work and function of the brain become abnormal. Narcotics addicts will experience disturbances :
  • Physical.
  • Psychological.
  • Mentally.
  • Perception.
  • Behavior.
Narcotics are the cause of brain disease due to brain nerve damage. Narcotics addicts should get medication and treatment in order to recover from narcotics addiction. Rehabilitation is the only way to recover narcotics addicts from narcotic dependence.


Label:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Penyakit Brahma, benarkah penyakit kutukan? Simak penjelasannya dalam ilmu medis

Oleh
Indonesia kaya akan budaya yang sebagian masyarakatnya masih mempercayai tahayul. Dalam masyarakat Betawi, dikenal penyakit Brahma yang konon terjadi akibat melewati tempat bekas orang berzina. Penyakit tersebut diyakini hanya bisa disembuhkan dengan cara disembur oleh dukun kemudian dioleskan campuran daun brahma merah, jamur pandan merah dan minyak kelapa. Pada kasus yang terjadi, penderitanya datang dengan keluhan demam, muncul lesi seperti bisul berisi air disertai rasa panas seperti terbakar, beberapa diantaranya sampai meninggal dunia. Dalam ilmu kedokteran tidak dikenal penyakit Brahma air ataupun Brahma api. Dilihat dari gejala fisiknya, penyakit tersebut masuk dalam kategori infeksi akut. Jenis infeksi akut salah satunya adalah sepsis. Hampir 95% gejala penyakit Brahma (yang disebut oleh orang betawi), sesungguhnya merupakan gejala sepsis. Sepsis adalah kondisi peradangan di seluruh tubuh akibat infeksi bakteri ataupun mikroorganisme di dalam darah, uri...
Post a Comment
Read more

Kista Bartholin (benjolan di bibir vagina), penyebab dan gejalanya

Oleh
Pernahkah anda mendengar istilah kista Bartholin? Kista Bartholin merupakan benjolan yang tumbuh pada lipatan bibir vagina akibat penyumbatan saluran kelenjar Bartholin. Kelenjar Bartholin terletak di seluruh sisi dinding vagina yang berfungsi mengeluarkan cairan untuk membantu melumaskan vagina saat berhubungan seksual. Tumbuhnya kista Bartholin umumnya terjadi pada wanita di masa usia subur atau menjelang menopause. Faktor penyebab tersumbatnya saluran kelenjar Bartholin : Iritasi jangka panjang pada vagina. Peradangan akibat infeksi bakteri Escherichia coli. Infeksi penyakit menular seksual akibat bakteri Neisseria gonorrhoeae . Infeksi penyakit menular seksual akibat bakteri Chlamydia trachomatis . Dalam kasus yang terjadi, kista Bartholin biasanya tidak menimbulkan rasa sakit. Namun, kista dapat terinfeksi bakteri sehingga terbentuk nanah menjadi abses Bartholin. Proses terbentuknya kista Bartholin : Kelenjar Bartholin memiliki saluran untuk menge...
Post a Comment
Read more

Kasus medis gatal dan panas di leher (Dermatitis Venenata)

Oleh
Penjelasan kasus. Seorang wanita usia 40 tahun, ibu rumah tangga sehari-hari menggunakan jilbab datang dengan keluhan sebagai berikut : Muncul plenting di kulit leher sejak 3 minggu (plenting yang dimaksud adalah vesikel-bula). Plenting terasa gatal dan panas. Oleh dokter dikatakan pasien mengalami herpes. Sudah diberi acyclovir zaft dan acyclovir tab, obat sudah habis namun tidak sembuh. Diagnosis medis : Lesi hanya soliter dan terbatas pada 1 regional saja, menurut saya ini bukan herpes. Herpes tidak tepat diberikan acyclovir cream untuk kasus herpes zoster. Dari anamnesis dan gambaran dermatologi, pasien menderita Dermatitis Venenata. Terapi yang diberikan : Tes Kalium hidroksida (KOH) 10% dan lampu wood. Metilprednisolon tab 3 x 4 mg. Natrium diklofenak tab 3 x 50 mg prn. Cetirizine tab 1 x 10 mg prn. Digenta cream 2 x 1 ue. Kontrol kembali 5 hari kemudian.
Post a Comment
Read more