Bacteremia is a large amount of bacteria in the bloodstream that cause infection. In normal condition, the amount of bacteria in the bloodstream is low and the body's immune system can quickly eliminate bacteria.
If bacteria persist for a long time in large numbers in the bloodstream, this condition can lead to serious infection up to sepsis. Bacteremia that causes infection is easily experienced by people with weak immune systems.
Symptoms.
Bacteremia that is only temporary and does not cause infection, will not cause symptoms or only fever that can heal itself without treatment.
Bacteremia that cause infection and even sepsis can cause symptoms, such as :
- Fever.
- Shivering.
- Heart beat.
- Low blood pressure.
- Quick breath.
- Diarrhea.
- Vomiting and nausea.
- Abdominal pain.
- Weak body.
- Dizzy.
- Rash all over body.
- Loss of appetite.
Cause.
- Bacteria can enter the bloodstream spontaneously, such as when you brush your teeth or through the food you eat.
- Bacteria can enter the bloodstream through infections, such as the lungs (pneumonia) or urinary tract infections.
- Bacteria can enter the bloodstream due to the installation of tools in the body, such as urinary catheters, surgical instruments and wound care.
Bacteremia can easily develop into serious infections in :
Preventive measures that can be done :
- Baby.
- Elderly people.
- Burns sufferer.
- Patients with cancer or HIV / AIDS.
- Chemotherapy patients.
- People with chronic diseases, such as diabetes or heart disease.
- Injecting drug abuse.
- Physical examination.
- Blood culture tests.
- Examination of complete blood cell count, sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin to see infections in the body.
- Examination of urine and feces.
- X-rays to find the source of infection.
- The main treatment for bacteremia is to remove the source of the bacterial growth.
- Administration of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections: antibiotics can be given in the form of oral or injection.
- If the source of the bacteremia comes from the installation of tools in the body: the patient will be given antibiotics and remove the device. Surgery is needed to clean the abscess or remove infected tissue, if antibiotics cannot be treated.
Preventive measures that can be done :
- Administration of antibiotics before surgery.
- Maintenance of catheter cleanliness.
- Immunization.
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