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Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in medical perspectives and molecular biology

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Oleh
Why did Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) appear in Wuhan, China?
The Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) first appeared in the Chinese city of Wuhan because the city sells wild animals for consumption. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) causes infectious disease Covid-19.


Where does Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) come from?
Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is a Zoonotic virus, a virus originating from animals, such as MERS, SARS, Avian Influenza, etc.

How is the transmission?
Initially the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was transmitted from animals ➡ humans. Then the transmission continues from humans ➡ humans. 

What needs to be done to prevent transmission of the virus?
  • Always maintain pet hygiene and health.
  • Do not keep wild animals such as snakes, crocodiles, bats, etc. Because the viruses carried by these animals can be transmitted to humans.
Where do the genetics Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) come from?

Information :
The Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has 96% genetic similarity (DNA sequence) with the corona virus present in bats (blue line). The Bat CoV RaTG13 virus found in bats is also found in Yunan province, China.

The genetic curve refutes information stating that the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originated from the Wuhan BSL-4 laboratory.

How did the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) enter the human body?
  • The incubation period for Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) to cause symptoms : 3-7 days after infection.
  • Once infected, the virus will multiply in the body. Main symptoms : fever. Fever is a sign of the body's immune system fighting the virus.
What is the difference between viruses and bacteria?
Virus :
  • Has a size of 20-40 nm.
  • Cannot multiply without a host cell.
  • Easy to die if outside the cell (body) to a free environment.
  • The virus can survive outside the cell for a maximum of 24 hours.
  • Dead at high temperatures.
  • Easy to clean with water, meaning that it cannot stick for a long time on one surface if it is splashed with water.
Bacteria:
  • Has a size of 200-1000 nm.an breed without a host cell.
Why is Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) so worrying?
Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) distribution is very fast to various countries in the world. However, the death rate due to Novel Coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV) is only 2%, lower when compared to MERS.

Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) : INFECTIOUS but NOT KILL.

Why so many Covid-19 patients die?
Patients who died of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) who died were generally patients who had a history of chronic diseases from the start, such as:
  • Heart.
  • Kidney failure.
  • Diabetes.
  • etc.
Based on an analysis of 99 infected patients, most were 55 years old and had long contact with the Wuhan market.

How does Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) enter human cells?


  • Novel Coronavirus Virus (2019-nCoV) can enter human cells because spike viruses match receptors in a person's cells.
  • Receptors that match the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) are called ACE2 receptors.
  • ACE2 receptors are found in human respiratory system cells, so Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) attacks the respiratory system.
  • But in America found 1 patient Covid-19 with symptoms of diarrhea, not respiratory problems. Apparently, ACE2 receptors also exist in the human digestive system.
What tools are used to detect Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)? 
In Indonesia, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) detection tool uses RT-PCR in the central Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.

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