Injection technique.
- No aspirations for intramuscular vaccine injections in individuals of all ages.
- The most painful vaccine must be the last (not the first) injection of vaccines of all ages.
Body position and activity.
- Breastfeeding children is recommended during vaccine injection in children aged ≤ 2 years.
- Carrying position is recommended during vaccine injection in children aged ≤ 3 years.
- When injecting vaccines in children > 3 years old, the child must sit upright.
Pain treatment.
- Topical anesthesia must be given before the vaccine is injected in children aged <12 years.
- It is recommended to give sucrose solution before injecting the vaccine to children aged ≤ 2 years.
Education and implementation.
- Education from doctors who inject vaccines about pain management is recommended.
- Ensure the presence of parents during vaccine injection in children aged ≤ 10 years.
- Parents should be informed about pain management before the day of vaccination.
- Children aged ≥ 3 years and adults are encouraged to be educated about pain management on vaccination day.
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